University of Rostock, Institute of Computer Science, December 16, 2025
https://doi.org/10.18453/rosdok_id00004769
Abstract: Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a key technology for converged industrial communication systems enabling the integration of traffic with diverse Quality of Service (QoS) requirements such as timeliness, throughput, and reliability. To ensure that all data streams meet their requirements, the Network Calculus (NC) allows to analytically derive worstcase performance estimations. In this paper, we model rate-constrained streams alongside time-triggered hard real-time traffic in a line topology. Additionally, we compare the analytical results with simulations conducted in the OMNeT++ network simulator. Our comparison shows that the worst-case delay predicted by the NC is 3 to 4 times higher than the delay observed in simulations. Similarly, the estimated backlog (i.e., the amount of data queued in TSN switches) is 1.25 to 2.8 times larger than the simulation results. A further experiment indicates that NC predictions are more accurate for less complex network configurations.
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